--- title: "Writing" description: "Essays on AI, systems, institutions, and infrastructure." url: "https://caruana.me/writing" --- # Writing Writing # Essays, notes, and arguments. This is the working archive: machine economy essays, finance and infrastructure analysis, and the occasional sharper signal piece. I write to clarify the model, not to manufacture consensus. ## Featured The essays that carry the main line of argument. [![AI in Finance and The Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/assets/images/ai-in-finance-and-the-machine-economy.jpg)](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-02-21-ai-in-finance-and-the-machine-economy/) [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/) [FinTech](https://caruana.me/writing/category/fintech/) [Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [AI in Finance and The Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-02-21-ai-in-finance-and-the-machine-economy/) AI in Financial Transactions and Economic Modeling AI Driven Financial Forecasting and Market Predictions Financial forecasting is a core area where AI excels. Microsoft Research has developed numerous deep learning mode... February 21, 2025 [Read essay](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-02-21-ai-in-finance-and-the-machine-economy/) [![The Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/assets/images/machine-economy.jpg)](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-23-the-machine-economy/) [Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [The Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-23-the-machine-economy/) The traditional economy, as we know it, is predicated on the exchange of goods and services using fiat currency, which is underpinned by governmental and institutional trust. This system has enabled trade, commerce, and... August 23, 2024 [Read essay](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-23-the-machine-economy/) ## Browse by category A useful way to move laterally once you know which line of argument you care about. [Machine Economy (10)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) [AI (8)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/) [Economics (8)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/economics/) [Learning (7)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/learning/) [Signals (6)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/) [Cayman Islands (6)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/cayman-islands/) [FinTech (3)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/fintech/) [Internet Scale (3)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/internet-scale/) [Life (2)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/life/) [DAO (2)](https://caruana.me/writing/category/dao/) ## Archive Everything else, in reverse chronological order. ### [Signals. I Built a Toolbox for Robots. Well, Claude Did.](https://caruana.me/writing/2026-10-14-signals-a-toolbox-for-robots/) I built another website. You know the disclaimer by now: I wrote no code. I described what I wanted, Claude built it, I said "no, not like that", Claude built it again, and somewhere around the third round of me explaini... October 14, 2026 [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/)[Signals](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [Direct Message References Instead of Comments](https://caruana.me/writing/2026-05-05-direct-messages-instead-of-comments/) I just redesigned this website, which is a sentence that sounds like I spent a month lovingly handcrafting components in a code editor. That is not what happened. I wrote no code. I architected the thing, governed the wo... May 5, 2026 [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/)[Signals](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/) ### [Digital KYD: Cayman’s Dollar-Linked Settlement Layer](https://caruana.me/writing/2026-01-31-digital-kyd-ci-digital-settlement-layer/) In July 2024, I started writing through a narrow thesis: the Cayman Islands should not approach digital money as a technology project. Yes, this is a ridiculous sentence for me to write. I build technology, invest in tec... January 31, 2026 [Cayman Islands](https://caruana.me/writing/category/cayman-islands/)[FinTech](https://caruana.me/writing/category/fintech/)[Economics](https://caruana.me/writing/category/economics/) ### [Machine Economics: When AI Eats Software.](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-11-19-when-ai-eats-software/) Human economics has always been a behavioral system that is irrational, inconsistent, and shaped by negotiation and emotion. When machines become the dominant economic participants, that premise collapses. Economics stop... November 19, 2025 [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [AI Integration and the Machine Economy: We are on notice.](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-05-20-ai-integration-and-the-machine-economy-we-are-on-notice/) Head out of the sand: AI isn’t politely knocking at the door, it’s already rearranging our furniture. Our latest snapshot (Anthropic Economic Index, 2025 03 27) dishes out AI Integration Scores (0–100) across wage bands.... May 20, 2025 [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/)[Signals](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [Balancing Equation for a Basket Currency Project to Combat Negative Interest Rates](https://caruana.me/writing/2025-02-18-basket-token/) Below is an expanded explanation of a “Balancing Equation for a Basket Currency Project to Combat Negative Interest Rates,” including definitions, quantitative formulations, and an illustrative example. February 18, 2025 [FinTech](https://caruana.me/writing/category/fintech/)[Learning](https://caruana.me/writing/category/learning/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [Reflections on Aggregation Theory & Software Eats the World](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-21-reflections-software-eats-the-world-aggregation-theory/) I am writing this quick synopsis of these very important theories for some research I am conducting on the future of the economy—specifically, the emerging concept of the machine economy. My goal is to explore how the pr... August 21, 2024 [Learning](https://caruana.me/writing/category/learning/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/) ### [Signals. Edition Three. (Aug 12, 2024 - Aug 16, 2024)](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-16-signals-edition-three/) Welcome to another edition of Signals. The world is a fascinating, ever changing circus, and the point of this series is to isolate the moments that matter before they get absorbed into the background. A signal is the ev... August 16, 2024 [Signals](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/)[Machine Economy](https://caruana.me/writing/category/machine-economy/)[Life](https://caruana.me/writing/category/life/) ### [Signals. Edition Two. (Aug 5, 2024 - Aug 9, 2024)](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-09-signals-edition-two/) Signals is where I log the stories and events that grabbed my attention because they seem to reveal something larger than the headline itself. A signal is not noise, not content, and not commentary for its own sake; it i... August 9, 2024 [AI](https://caruana.me/writing/category/ai/)[Economics](https://caruana.me/writing/category/economics/)[Signals](https://caruana.me/writing/category/signals/) ### [Signals. Edition One. (Jul 29, 2024 - Aug 2, 2024)](https://caruana.me/writing/2024-08-02-signals-edition-one/) I’m kicking off a new series called Signals. The idea is simple: a signal is a story, anomaly, or fracture in the present that hints at a larger shift underneath. These are the items that grabbed my attention because the... August 2, 2024 [DAO](https://caruana.me/writing/category/dao/)[Economics](https://caruana.me/writing/category/economics/)[Value Creation](https://caruana.me/writing/category/value-creation/) Page 1 of 3 [Older posts](https://caruana.me/writing/2)